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天然金刚石由碳元素组成,是碳元素的三种同素异形体之一。金刚石的晶体结构中的碳原子分布具有高度的对称性,每个碳原子和相邻的四个碳原子距离相等,碳原子之间结合力强而且均衡,这是金刚石具有极高硬度的内在因素。原生、纯净的金刚石为无色透明体。由于金刚石中常含有少量其它元素,所以多数金刚石晶体呈现各种不同的颜色。例如含铬的金刚石呈绿色或蓝色;含氮的金刚石呈红色;含铝、铁的金刚石呈黄色。此外金刚石还有的呈黑色、棕色、橙色等。
Natural diamond consists of carbon and is one of the three allotropes of carbon. Diamond crystal structure of the distribution of carbon atoms with a high degree of symmetry, each carbon atoms and the adjacent four carbon atoms equal distance, strong and balanced binding between carbon atoms, which is an extremely high hardness diamond intrinsic factors . Native, pure diamond colorless transparent body. As diamonds often contain small amounts of other elements, most diamond crystals appear in various colors. For example, diamonds containing chromium are green or blue; diamonds containing nitrogen are red; diamonds containing aluminum and iron are yellow. In addition there are diamonds black, brown, orange and so on.