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采用低频率超声(40 kHz)强化KOH催化大豆油和甲醇酯交换反应制备了生物柴油。结果表明,超声空化作用的传质和乳化效果较传统机械搅拌作用显著。不同超声功率对酯交换反应的强化作用不同,超声功率60～80 W对生物柴油制备影响显著。此外,超声作用下酯交换反应时间大大缩短,催化剂和甲醇的用量也有所减少。在催化剂用量为1.0%、醇油摩尔比为6∶1、45℃水浴条件下,超声作用10 min,甲酯含量高达99%。
Biodiesel was prepared by low frequency ultrasound (40 kHz) enhanced KOH catalyzed transesterification of soybean oil and methanol. The results show that the effect of mass transfer and emulsification of ultrasonic cavitation is more significant than the traditional mechanical agitation. The effect of different ultrasonic powers on the transesterification is different, the ultrasonic power 60 ~ 80 W has a significant impact on the biodiesel preparation. In addition, under the action of ultrasound, the reaction time of transesterification is greatly shortened, and the amount of catalyst and methanol is also reduced. Under the condition of 1.0% catalyst and 6: 1 molar ratio of alcohol to oil, the content of methyl ester was as high as 99% under ultrasonic wave for 10 min.