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土壤有机质的空间变异和分布格局是土壤科学领域研究的热点.在经典统计学和地统计学的基础上,结合“3S”技术,对黑土丘陵区海沟河小流域土壤表层(0~20 cm)中有机质的空间变异、分布特征及影响因子进行深入探讨.结果表明,海沟河小流域土壤有机质含量在黑土区处于较低水平,变异程度为中等变异,且存在空间自相关性;土壤有机质的空间变异受人类活动、耕作措施等随机因素影响很小,受结构性要素影响较大,空间上各向异性显著;土壤有机质含量从东向西逐步减小,以高程为协变量的协同克里格插值能够提高空间插值精度.土壤有机质空间分布受地形地貌等自然因素以及受其制约的土地利用的影响较大,受交通道路、居民点等要素的影响较小;采样点周边环境会增加有机质的空间变异和分布的不确定性.以流域为单元,进行SOM的空间变异、分布及影响因子研究具有重要意义和科学价值.
On the basis of classical statistics and geostatistics, combined with “3S ” technology, the spatial variability and distribution patterns of soil organic matter are the hotspots in the field of soil science. cm). The results showed that the content of soil organic matter in the watershed of Haigou River was at a low level and the degree of variation was moderately variable with spatial autocorrelation. Soil organic matter The spatial variability is affected little by the random factors, such as human activities and tillage measures. It is greatly affected by the structural elements and has significant spatial anisotropy. The content of soil organic matter decreases gradually from east to west, Interpolation of Rieger interpolation can improve the accuracy of spatial interpolation.The spatial distribution of soil organic matter is greatly affected by the natural factors such as topography and land use as well as the land use constrained by it, and is less affected by such factors as traffic roads and residential areas; the surrounding environment of sampling points will increase Uncertainties in Spatial Variability and Distribution of Organic Matter. Spatial Variability, Distribution and Impact Factors of SOM There are important significance and scientific value.