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纵观历年高考题中，虚拟语气的用法一定是必考题型之一。为了帮助考生更加清楚地了解并熟练地应用虚拟语气，我将虚拟语气的用法总结如下：
一、基本用法：
例：和现实相反：If I were in Beijing now, I would visit the Forbidden city.
和过去相反：If we had known your telephone number, we would have called you yesterday.
和将来相反：If you were to fly to Nanjing, you should meet the famous Super Star Li Yuchun.
混合时态：If you had come earlier, you would not regret now.
二、特殊形式1
1. wish 后面的虚拟语气有三种：
（1）表示对现在的愿望，从句中用过去时。
例：I wish Tom were better now.
（2）表示与将来事实相反或对将来的愿望，从句中用would/could/might/should +动词原形。
例：How I wish I could pass the Entrance examinations!
（3表示与过去事实相反或对过去的事实的推测，从句中用过去完成时或would/could/might/should+ have done.
例：I wish I had studied harder at English two years ago.
I wish I would have studied harder at English two years ago.
2.在表示意愿的词语如：prefer, would rather, would like 之后跟的宾语从句时常常用虚拟语气。其用法是：表示和现时或将来的愿望相反时用过去时，表示和过去的愿望相反时用过去完成时。
例：I prefer you did some housework while you are free, but you don’t.
I would rather you had cleaned the dinning room just now.
3.在It’s(high)time后that引导的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气表示撛缇透檬亲瞿呈碌氖奔淞藬。一般是表示和现实情况相反，所以从句用过去时。
例：It’s high time that you went to bed.
三、特殊形式2：
1.在表示建议、请求、命令、提议等词后（一提议二建议五要求，命令坚持别忘记）：propose;suggest,advise; demand,commend,ask,require,request；order,insis跟的宾语从句，或他们的相应名词：proposal,suggestion,advice, commend,demand,order等后的同位语从句或表语从句时常常用虚拟语气。其用法是：谓语动词用 should 或省略 should 直接跟动词原形。
例：The teacher suggested that we(should) recite good passages everyday.(宾语从句)
All of the workers agreed to his proposal that there (should)be a Workers’Union in the company.(同位语从句)
His requirement is that every student(should) not take a cell phone into the class.(表语从句)
2.在下列句型中，常用should+动词原形的结构。Should常常翻译成“竟然”，表示吃惊，惊讶。
It’s strange/necessary/important that sb should ……
I’sorry that sb should……
例：Iam sorry that you should think like this.
3.在表示假设的一些词语后，如：in case that,for fear that,lest,也常常用虚拟语气。其用法是在从句中用should+动词原形。
例：Here is your raincoat in case that you should be caught in the rain.
四、特殊形式3：
1.情态动词完成时表示过去的动作或曾经出现的状态。不表示现在或将来的动作。
2.在if引导的条件状语从句中如果有were,had,should时，如果省略if,将were,had,should提前，形成部分倒装句。
例：Had I known you would come,I wouldn’t have gone to the supermarket.
3.suggest当“暗示”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气，从句的时态根据主句的时态决定。
例：The smile on her face suggests that she is angry.
4.insisit当“坚持认为，坚持某一观点/主张”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气，从句的时态根据主句的时态决定。
例：Mark insisted that he didn抰 steal the lady’s purse.
（作者单位：836500新疆阿勒泰第三高级中学）
一、基本用法：
例：和现实相反：If I were in Beijing now, I would visit the Forbidden city.
和过去相反：If we had known your telephone number, we would have called you yesterday.
和将来相反：If you were to fly to Nanjing, you should meet the famous Super Star Li Yuchun.
混合时态：If you had come earlier, you would not regret now.
二、特殊形式1
1. wish 后面的虚拟语气有三种：
（1）表示对现在的愿望，从句中用过去时。
例：I wish Tom were better now.
（2）表示与将来事实相反或对将来的愿望，从句中用would/could/might/should +动词原形。
例：How I wish I could pass the Entrance examinations!
（3表示与过去事实相反或对过去的事实的推测，从句中用过去完成时或would/could/might/should+ have done.
例：I wish I had studied harder at English two years ago.
I wish I would have studied harder at English two years ago.
2.在表示意愿的词语如：prefer, would rather, would like 之后跟的宾语从句时常常用虚拟语气。其用法是：表示和现时或将来的愿望相反时用过去时，表示和过去的愿望相反时用过去完成时。
例：I prefer you did some housework while you are free, but you don’t.
I would rather you had cleaned the dinning room just now.
3.在It’s(high)time后that引导的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气表示撛缇透檬亲瞿呈碌氖奔淞藬。一般是表示和现实情况相反，所以从句用过去时。
例：It’s high time that you went to bed.
三、特殊形式2：
1.在表示建议、请求、命令、提议等词后（一提议二建议五要求，命令坚持别忘记）：propose;suggest,advise; demand,commend,ask,require,request；order,insis跟的宾语从句，或他们的相应名词：proposal,suggestion,advice, commend,demand,order等后的同位语从句或表语从句时常常用虚拟语气。其用法是：谓语动词用 should 或省略 should 直接跟动词原形。
例：The teacher suggested that we(should) recite good passages everyday.(宾语从句)
All of the workers agreed to his proposal that there (should)be a Workers’Union in the company.(同位语从句)
His requirement is that every student(should) not take a cell phone into the class.(表语从句)
2.在下列句型中，常用should+动词原形的结构。Should常常翻译成“竟然”，表示吃惊，惊讶。
It’s strange/necessary/important that sb should ……
I’sorry that sb should……
例：Iam sorry that you should think like this.
3.在表示假设的一些词语后，如：in case that,for fear that,lest,也常常用虚拟语气。其用法是在从句中用should+动词原形。
例：Here is your raincoat in case that you should be caught in the rain.
四、特殊形式3：
1.情态动词完成时表示过去的动作或曾经出现的状态。不表示现在或将来的动作。
2.在if引导的条件状语从句中如果有were,had,should时，如果省略if,将were,had,should提前，形成部分倒装句。
例：Had I known you would come,I wouldn’t have gone to the supermarket.
3.suggest当“暗示”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气，从句的时态根据主句的时态决定。
例：The smile on her face suggests that she is angry.
4.insisit当“坚持认为，坚持某一观点/主张”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气，从句的时态根据主句的时态决定。
例：Mark insisted that he didn抰 steal the lady’s purse.
（作者单位：836500新疆阿勒泰第三高级中学）