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天然产物来源广泛、手性结构独特、具有多修饰位点、良好的生物相容性和可控的降解性,与其他非天然产物的自组装体系相比,具有更多的优势.简单修饰的天然产物在溶剂中容易形成氢键、π-π堆积、范德华作用等非共价键作用,促使分子有序排列形成聚集体,成为超分子自组装体系的重要构筑基元.同时,其独特的手性结构在分子有序排列过程中,通常会实现手性由分子层次到超分子层次的传递和放大,因此,可用于构建螺旋带、纳米管等多种手性组装体.天然产物良好的生物相容性和生物活性,也使得基于此类化合物的组装体可应用于组织工程、药物传递、细胞成像等生命科学领域,显示其广阔的应用前景.本文介绍了基于氨基酸、糖、核苷碱基、甾体、三萜等天然产物缀合物在超分子自组装特性方面的研究概况及其发展趋势.
The wide range of natural products, their unique chiral structures, their multiple modification sites, their good biocompatibility and their controlled degradability have many advantages over other self-assembly systems that are not natural products. Natural products in the solvent easily form hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking, van der Waals role such as non-covalent, prompting the orderly arrangement of molecules to form aggregates, supramolecular self-assembly system as an important building block. At the same time, its unique Chiral structures in the orderly arrangement of molecules usually achieve the chiral transfer from the molecular level to the supramolecular level and amplification, therefore, can be used to construct a variety of chiral assemblies such as helical ribbons, nanotubes, etc. Natural products Biocompatibility and bioactivity, but also make the assembly based on these compounds can be applied in the field of tissue engineering, drug delivery, cell imaging and other life sciences, showing its broad application prospects.This article describes the amino acid, sugar, nucleoside Studies on the self-assembly properties of natural products such as bases, steroids and triterpenes and their development trends.