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传播时代的大众传媒具备强大的公共话语塑造能力,这一话语能力业已成为影响立法绩效的深层次社会因素。基于伦理主义生成的符号功能,媒体话语往往被表层地解读为公意;而作为证成立法民主价值的信号显示,立法者以“媒体热议—立法跟进”的决策模式回应媒体塑造的舆论气候压力,自我认可并选择了媒体话语作为权利义务配置的外部敦促力量,立法活动被化约为应对媒体话语冲击的策略选择,导致压力型立法。这一立法决策模式忽略了司法机制运作可观察性、可检验性的刚性约束,忽略了法律控制与社会规范等非法律控制的分工边界,以偏狭的法律中心主义造成不可欲的泛立法化,以至于诸多“热点入法”屡屡遭遇司法失灵,导致立法民主、科学双重失落。应当从优化立法公众参与程序、建构立法技术保障机制、人大代表立法提案公示制度、法律实施信息定期交换机制等多重维度进行系统性设计,实现价值理性与技术理性的有机融合。
The mass media in the age of communication have a strong public discourse shaping power, which has become a deep-seated social factor that affects the performance of legislation. Based on the symbolic functions generated by ethics, the media discourse is often interpreted as superficial from the surface. As a signal of establishing the democratic value of the law, the legislator responds to the shaping of the media with the decision-making mode of “hot media of the media - legislative follow-up” Of the media pressure of public opinion, self-recognition and choice of media discourse as the external force of the allocation of rights and obligations, legislative activities are reduced to the strategic choice of response to media discourse, leading to pressure-type legislation. This model of legislative decision ignores the observability of the judiciary mechanism and the rigidity of verifiability, neglects the division of labor of non-legal controls such as legal control and social norms, and makes the undeniable generalized legislativeization with marginal legalism. So many “hot spots into the law” often encounter judicial failure, leading to legislative democracy, science double lost. We should systematically design the public participation process of optimizing legislation, constructing the technical guarantee mechanism of legislation, publicizing the legislative proposal of NPC deputies, the regular exchange mechanism of legal implementation information and so on, so as to realize the organic integration of value rationality and technical rationality.