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目的 :测量国人下颈椎后结构的相关径线及角度 ,为颈椎后路内固定手术的设计及施行提供参考数据。方法 :对 35套正常成人颈椎干燥骨标本以及 10 0套 X线片和 CT片进行测量 ,包括椎弓根宽度、高度、长度、投影点位置、与椎体的夹角、侧块宽度、高度、厚度、后壁中心点与横突孔的距离和夹角、上关节突的倾角等。 结果 :标本测量与影像学测量间存在显著差异。影像学测量的颈椎椎弓根平均宽度 5 .13～ 6 .13m m,与椎体矢状面夹角 34 .43°～ 47.48°,与椎体横截面夹角 - 4.2 5°～10 .90°,侧块厚度 11.0 0～ 12 .78mm ,侧块后壁中心点与横突孔距离 11.30～ 12 .5 9mm ,夹角 5 .40°～ 8.89°,上关节突倾角46 .73°～ 5 7.2 3°。结论 :影像学测量结果更真实。颈椎侧块螺钉宜选用 3.5 mm直径 ,外倾 2 5°、头倾 5 0°置入 ;颈椎椎弓根变异较大 ,应尽量减少使用椎弓根螺钉。
Objective: To measure the relative diameters and angles of the posterior cervical spine structure in Chinese people and to provide reference data for the design and implementation of posterior cervical fixation. Methods: 35 sets of normal adult cervical bone specimens and 100 sets of X-ray films and CT films were measured, including the width, height and length of the pedicle, the position of the projection point, the angle with the vertebral body, the lateral width and the height , Thickness, the distance between the center of the posterior wall and transverse foramen and the included angle, the inclination of the superior articular process. Results: There was a significant difference between specimen measurement and imaging measurement. The average width of the cervical pedicle measured by radiography was 5.313-6.13m, the angle between the sagittal plane and the sagittal plane was 34.43 ° -47.48 °, and the angle between the transverse plane and the vertebral body was 4.2 5 ° -10.90 °, lateral block thickness 11.0 0 ~ 12 .78mm, lateral block posterior wall center and transverse hole distance 11.30 ~ 12 .5 9mm, the angle of 5.40 ° ~ 8.89 °, the superior joint protrusion angle 46 .73 ° ~ 5 7.2 3 °. Conclusion: Imaging results are more realistic. Cervical lateral block screws should be used 3.5 mm diameter, camber 25 °, head tilt 50 ° into; cervical vertebral variation greater, should minimize the use of pedicle screws.