[目的]探讨家庭作坊锡箔加工对周围人群的铅污染,通过职业卫生调查干预降低铅危害。[方法]随机抽取290位村民,凡从事锡箔加工作业的为职业接触者,未从事锡箔加工的为未接触者,46名儿童父母亲中至少有一方是从事锡箔加工作业工人,同时做血铅检测。[结果]职业接触者与未接触者各级血铅水平组构成比较,χ2=5.60,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。职业接触者与曾经接触已脱离者各级血铅水平组构成比较,χ2=7.36,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义。职业接触者不同岗位血铅比较,χ2=34.18,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义,以敲箔岗位污染最大。不同接触年限血铅比较,χ2=11.54,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义,工龄越长,高血铅人员构成比越高。儿童高铅血症发生率占97.83%(45/46)。[结论]家庭作坊锡箔加工对作业人群及家庭有较严重铅污染,现场劳动卫生学干预有助于改善作业环境降低铅污染。 [Objective] To explore lead contamination of surrounding people by tinfoil processing in family workshops and to reduce the lead hazard through occupational health investigation. [Method] A total of 290 villagers were randomly selected. All workers who engaged in tin foil processing were non-contact workers who did not engage in tin foil processing. At least one of the 46 children’s parents was engaged in tinfoil processing and blood lead Detection. [Results] The levels of blood lead at occupational contact and non-contact were compared, χ2 = 5.60, P <0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Occupational contact with the levels of blood lead who had contact with the detachment were compared, χ2 = 7.36, P <0.01, the difference was statistically significant. Occupational exposure to different positions of blood lead comparison, χ2 = 34.18, P <0.01, the difference was statistically significant in order to knock the foil post pollution the largest. Blood lead in different years of contact, χ2 = 11.54, P <0.01, the difference was statistically significant, the longer the length of service, the higher the lead ratio of high blood lead. The incidence of hyperlipidemia in children accounted for 97.83% (45/46). [Conclusion] The tinfoil processing in family workshop had more serious lead pollution to working people and families. The intervention of on-site labor hygiene helped to improve the working environment and reduce the lead pollution.