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自然法思想起源于古希腊,其中包含着西方的古代自然主义法治观、中世纪的神学法治观和近代的理性主义法治观。在西方的法治思想与法治传统中自然法蕴含着公平、道德、理性、人权、自由等诸多精神的内涵,正是由于其丰富的观念造就了西方法理学范畴内最具持久,最富有生命力的法律思想。本文先是通过对西方自然法思想的起源与发展的阐述,然后进而阐述出表达出西方自然法中所蕴含的公平、道德、理性、人权、自由五方面的思想内涵。
The idea of natural law originated in ancient Greece, which contains the western concept of ancient natural law and rule of law, medieval view of theology and rule of law and the modern rationalist view of the rule of law. Natural law contains the spirit of fairness, morality, rationality, human rights, freedom and many other spiritual connotations in the Western tradition of rule of law and tradition of law. It is precisely because of its rich concept that the most enduring and vitally important western jurisprudence Legal thinking. This paper first elaborates the origin and development of western natural law thoughts, and then elaborates and expounds the connotation of expressing the fairness, morals, rationality, human rights and freedom contained in western natural law.