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花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)是重要的油料作物之一,亦是人类重要的蛋白质来源。国内外花生生产的不断发展,给花生的科研工作提出了新课题,改良花生品种成为育种工作者最迫切的任务。改良品种的根本途径在于丰富花生的遗传基础,扩大变异来源。而栽培种花生的遗传脆弱性和狭窄性给育种工作带来了困难,使花生的改良工作不得不与花生属野生资源的研究利用相结合。印度、美国已把野生种质的病虫害抗性和免疫鉴定摆上了重要地位,并认为野生种中蕴藏着极丰富的抗性基因。
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the important oil crops and is also an important protein source for human beings. The continuous development of peanut production both at home and abroad has raised new topics for the peanut scientific research work. Improving peanut varieties has become the most urgent task for breeding workers. The fundamental way to improve breeds is to enrich the genetic basis of peanuts and expand the sources of variation. However, the genetic vulnerability and stenosis of cultivated peanuts have brought difficulties to breeding work, and the improvement of peanuts has to be combined with the research and utilization of wild peanut resources. India and the United States have put the identification of pest and disease resistance and immunization of wild germplasm at the top of the list and believe that the wild species contains extremely rich resistance genes.