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3.膜病生物膜遍布细胞各处,主要有质膜、核膜、线粒体的外膜和内膜、内质网膜、溶酶体膜、神经元膜等等。以细胞表面来讲,大致可分为三层,结构均极复杂。质膜由两层脂质所构成,脂质中嵌有整合蛋白,内、外两侧附有外周蛋白。质膜可侧向移动引起变形,蛋白质分子在膜内可进行两维或三维的空间活动。膜的外面,是糖脂与糖蛋白构成的外被,是细胞的受体与感受装置。膜的内面有表面下胞质凝胶,由微丝与微管组成。这样的结构适应了细胞的信息传递,能量转换、物质转运、代谢调控,细胞呼吸、细胞分化与繁殖、激素和药物作用、免疫反应等重要功能,而且在解释癌变机制与各种各
3. Membrane biofilm throughout the cell throughout the main plasma membrane, nuclear membrane, mitochondrial outer membrane and endometrium, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, lysosomal membrane, neuronal membrane and so on. In terms of the cell surface, can be roughly divided into three layers, the structure is extremely complex. The plasma membrane is composed of two layers of lipids, integrins embedded in the lipids, and peripheral proteins on both the inner and outer sides. The plasma membrane can move laterally to cause deformation, and protein molecules can move in two or three dimensions within the membrane. Outside the membrane, it is the outer coat of glycolipids and glycoproteins and is the receptor and sensor of cells. The inner surface of the membrane surface of the cytoplasmic gel, composed of microfilaments and microtubules. Such a structure adapts to important functions such as cell information transmission, energy conversion, substance transport, metabolism regulation, cell respiration, cell differentiation and reproduction, hormones and drug action, immune response and the like,