肝硬化在我国主要由病毒性肝炎所致,常为乙型、丙型和丁型病毒重叠感染,而仅乙型肝炎病毒携带者我国就有约1.2亿,每年新发乙型肝炎病例约50~100万例,其中约10%发展为慢性肝炎,从而进展为肝硬化,占内科总住院人数的4.3%~14.2%。肝硬化病人中有40%出现食管胃底静脉曲张,而有食管胃底静脉曲张的病人中约有50%~60%并发大出血,食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血是肝硬化患者死亡的常见原 Cirrhosis in our country mainly caused by viral hepatitis, often type B, C and D virus overlap infection, and only hepatitis B virus carriers in China there are about 120 million new cases of hepatitis B each year about 50 ~ 1 million cases, of which about 10% develop chronic hepatitis, which progress to cirrhosis, accounting for the total number of medical inpatients 4.3% to 14.2%. 40% of patients with liver cirrhosis esophageal varices, while there are esophageal varices in patients with about 50% to 60% of concurrent bleeding, esophageal variceal bleeding is a common cause of death in cirrhotic patients