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量水槽是灌区常见的特设量水设备,而槽后水力特性是判断其选型是否合理的重要指标之一。以某小型灌区末级灌溉渠系改造工程为原型,针对两种不同工况,采用基于TruVOF方法跟踪自由液面、Favor技术实现网格优化的湍流数学模型,对U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃问题进行三维数值模拟,分析了水跃的时均流场、共轭水深、发生位置、跃长、断面流速分布以及水跃段能量损失等相关水力特性。采用与原型1∶1比尺的水工模型试验资料对模拟结果进行验证,结果表明,二者吻合较好。通过对实测与数值仿真的共轭水深数据进行统计分析,得到了适用于U形渠道机翼形量水槽水跃共轭水深的近似计算公式。研究结果对机翼形量水槽在平原缓坡灌区末级渠系的应用研究提供了一定的参考和建议。
The amount of water tank is an irrigation water area special equipment, and the hydraulic characteristics of the tank is to determine whether the selection of one of the important indicators. Taking the reconstruction project of the last irrigation canal system in a small irrigation area as a prototype, a turbulent mathematical model for grid optimization based on the TruVOF method and the Favor technique was adopted for two different working conditions. The U-shaped channel airfoil water The three-dimensional numerical simulation of the jump problem is carried out, and the hydraulic characteristics such as the mean current flow field, the conjugate water depth, the location, the length of the jump, the velocity distribution of the section and the energy loss of the water jump section are analyzed. The hydraulic model test data with the prototype 1: 1 ratio are used to verify the simulation results. The results show that the two agree well with each other. Through the statistical analysis of the measured water depth data and the measured data, the approximate formula for the water-jump conjugate water depth of the U-shaped channels is obtained. The results provide some references and suggestions for the application of wing-shaped flume to the end-canal system in gentle slope irrigation area.