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目的通过了解南昌地区加油站作业工人健康状况,提出防护对策。方法依据GBZ 188-2014《职业健康监护技术规范》,对某石化企业驻南昌地区加油站作业工人共874名进行在岗职业健康检查,建立个人健康档案,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析与评价。结果自觉有神经系统和植物神经系统症状的有245人,神经系统阳性体征者未见;皮肤瘙痒13人,其中3人有散在皮疹。检查项的异常率从高到低依次为:尿常规30.66%,彩超30.21%,血压12.93%,血常规12.36%,心电图7.55%,肝功能6.75%,血糖1.95%。男性高血压、高血糖、脂肪肝和心电图的异常率高于女性,女性血常规的异常率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。总异常率4个县高于城区,且随工龄的增加而升高(均P<0.05)。结论南昌地区加油站工人在神经系统、心血管系统、造血和泌尿系统、代谢功能方面存在健康问题。今后在开展职业危害因素监测和作业工人职业健康监护的同时,应实施健康生活指导、督促企业改进生产方式,做好劳动保护,尤其是女工的劳动保护。
Objective To understand the health status of workers in gas stations in Nanchang and propose countermeasures. Methods Based on GBZ 188-2014 Technical Code for Occupational Health Monitoring, a total of 874 on-job occupational health examinations were conducted for gas station workers in a petrochemical plant in Nanchang. Personal health records were set up and SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis and evaluation. Results Consciously there were 245 nervous system and autonomic nervous system symptoms, no signs of nervous system positive signs; skin pruritus 13 people, of whom 3 had a scattered rash. The anomalous rate of examination items from high to low were: urinary routine 30.66%, ultrasonography 30.21%, blood pressure 12.93%, blood routine 12.36%, electrocardiogram 7.55%, liver function 6.75% and blood glucose 1.95%. Abnormal rates of hypertension, hyperglycemia, fatty liver and electrocardiogram in males were higher than those in females, and abnormal rates of blood routine in females were higher than males (all P <0.05). The total abnormal rate in 4 counties was higher than that in urban areas, and increased with the increase of seniority (P <0.05). Conclusion Gas station workers in Nanchang have health problems in the nervous system, cardiovascular system, hematopoietic and urinary system, and metabolic function. In the future, while carrying out monitoring of occupational hazards and occupational health guardianship of working workers, we should guide healthy living and urge enterprises to improve their modes of production and do a good job in labor protection, especially for the labor protection of female workers.