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目的探讨富硒螺旋藻抑制血吸虫肝硬化组织恶性变的作用及其机制。方法 80只小鼠感染日本血吸虫尾蚴后,随机均分为A、B、C、D4组,每组20只。A组(模型组)小鼠不作任何治疗。B组小鼠(吡喹酮组)在感染尾蚴6周时予吡喹酮500 mg/(kg·d)灌胃2 d,C组小鼠在感染尾蚴6周时予富硒螺旋藻100 mg/(kg·d)(富硒螺旋藻组)灌胃8周,D组小鼠在感染尾蚴6周时予吡喹酮500 mg/(kg·d)治疗2 d后再以富硒螺旋藻100 mg/(kg·d)(富硒螺旋藻+吡喹酮组)灌胃8周。另取10只小鼠作为正常组(E组)。第14周末分别留取各组小鼠肝组织,观察肝组织病理改变,测定其肝脏MDA含量、SOD活性以及端粒酶活性与端粒酶逆转录酶(TERT)表达变化。结果与A组比较,单纯吡喹酮或富硒螺旋藻治疗均可减轻肝纤维化程度,显著升高肝组织中SOD活性、降低MDA含量以及端粒酶活性与TERT表达水平(P<0.05)。与B组相比,富硒螺旋藻治疗后小鼠肝纤维化程度、SOD活性、MDA含量及端粒酶活性与TERT表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。与B组、C组相比,D组小鼠肝纤维化程度进一步减轻,肝组织中SOD活性显著升高、MDA含量以及端粒酶活性与TERT表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论晚期血吸虫肝硬化组织因端粒酶活性增高具有恶变可能,富硒螺旋藻可通过降低肝组织氧化应激水平、抑制肝组织TERT表达及端粒酶活性而发挥抑制恶性变的作用。
Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of Se-enriched Spirulina in suppressing the malignant transformation of cirrhosis in schistosomiasis. Methods 80 mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were randomly divided into A, B, C and D4 groups, with 20 mice in each group. Group A (model group) mice without any treatment. The mice in group B (praziquantel group) were treated with praziquantel 500 mg / (kg · d) for 6 days after inoculation of cercariae. The mice in group C were given selenium-enriched spirulina 100 mg / (kg · d · d) The rats in group D were fed with selenium-enriched spirulina 100 mg / (kg · d · d) for 8 weeks after oral administration of 500 mg / (kg · d) praziquantel for 2 weeks. d) (Se-enriched spirulina + praziquantel group) for 8 weeks. Another 10 mice were taken as normal group (group E). At the end of the 14th week, the liver tissue of each group was taken and the pathological changes of liver were observed. The changes of MDA content, SOD activity, telomerase activity and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression in the liver were observed. Results Compared with group A, praziquantel or selenium - enriched spirulina could both reduce the degree of hepatic fibrosis, significantly increase the activity of SOD, decrease the content of MDA and the activity of telomerase and the level of TERT in liver (P <0.05) . Compared with group B, the level of hepatic fibrosis, SOD activity, MDA content, telomerase activity and TERT expression in Spirulina platensis-treated mice did not change significantly (P> 0.05). Compared with group B and group C, the degree of liver fibrosis in group D was further reduced, and the activity of SOD in liver tissue was significantly increased. The content of MDA and the activity of telomerase and the expression of TERT were significantly decreased (P <0.05). Conclusions The advanced schistosomal liver cirrhosis has the possibility of malignant transformation due to the increase of telomerase activity. Se-enriched spirulina can play a role in inhibiting malignant transformation by decreasing the level of oxidative stress and inhibiting TERT expression and telomerase activity in liver tissue.