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至今,在使用显式外推算子的叠前深度偏移中都忽略了地震波的衰减和弥散。本文介绍了一种在深度偏移方案中考虑吸收和弥散效应的方法。用一种最优化算法来设计补偿吸收和弥散的外推算子。设计的原则是算子的波数响应应该等于理想的外推算子,在波场外推中同时使用相速度和吸收宏观模型。在有中等—强吸收性的介质模型中,使用该方法所得到的图像要好于那些用没有补偿吸收的外推算子得到的图像。
To date, attenuation and dispersion of seismic waves have been neglected in prestack depth migration using explicit extrapolation operators. This article describes a method to account for absorption and dispersion effects in a depth migration scheme. An optimization algorithm is used to design extrapolation operators that compensate for absorption and dispersion. The principle of design is that the wavenumber response of the operator should be equal to the ideal extrapolation operator, and the phase velocity and macroscopic model should be used in the wavefield extrapolation. In medium-strong absorptive medium models, the images obtained using this method are better than those obtained with extrapolated operators that have no compensated absorption.