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免疫卡控点是维持自身耐受性和调节免疫反应信号通路的关键因子，通过干预与影响T细胞免疫应答发挥作用，保护机体免于自身免疫和炎症的伤害。当免疫卡控点无法正常发挥功能时，会引起肿瘤耐受，使得肿瘤细胞逃过免疫系统的追杀。免疫卡控点阻断疗法可以激活抗肿瘤免疫反应，识别并杀伤肿瘤细胞，已经成为未来抗肿瘤治疗的新希望。本文重点就近年来免疫卡控点阻断疗法在肿瘤免疫治疗中的最新进展及未来的研究前景进行综述。“,”Immune checkpoints are the key factors in maintaining self tolerance and regulating the immune response signal pathway,and play a role in the intervention and influence of T cell immunologic response,through which protect the body from autoimmune and inflammatory injury. The dysfunction of these immune checkpoints will lead to tumor resistance and eventually the tumor cells can escape from the killing of the immune system. Immune checkpoints blockade can activate antitumor immune responses, identify and kill tumor cells, which has become the new hope of future antitumor treatment. The paper attaches importance to the review of the latest developments and future research prospects of the immune checkpoints blockade in tumor immune treatment.