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技术进步的测度是发展经济学长久以来持续关注的问题,发展中国家的技术进步率尤其为经济学者所关注,因为这关系到发展中国家经济是否可持续的问题。对于中国的技术进步,已有的研究多以国家或者省区为尺度。本文以中国1987-2007年投入产出表的数据为基础,使用经典的柯布-道格拉斯函数,通过校准法测算了中国17行业的技术进步。测算结果表明:在17个行业中,采掘业的技术进步最快,达到了6.19%;炼焦、煤气及石油加工业,金融保险业,农林牧副渔业的技术进步率也在4%以上;建筑材料及其他非金属矿物制品业,其他制造业,商业饮食业,运输邮电业,建筑业,机械设备制造业,纺织、缝纫及皮革产品制造业的技术进步也达到了3%;其他服务业则进步缓慢,仅有1.13%。更有甚者,食品制造业,电力及蒸汽、热水生产和供应业则存在某种程度的下降。
Measurement of technological progress is a persistent concern for development economics, and the rate of technological progress in developing countries is of particular concern to economists as it relates to the sustainability of the economies of developing countries. For China’s technological progress, most of the existing studies are based on the national or provincial scales. Based on the data of China’s input-output table from 1987 to 2007, this paper uses the classical Cobb-Douglas function to estimate the technological progress of 17 industries in China by the calibration method. The calculation results show that in 17 industries, the technological progress of extractive industries is the fastest, reaching 6.19%; the technological progress rate of coking, gas and oil processing, finance and insurance, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is also above 4%; construction Materials and other non-metallic mineral products industry, other manufacturing, commercial catering, transportation post and telecommunications, construction, machinery and equipment manufacturing, textile, sewing and leather products manufacturing technology progress has also reached 3%; other services are improved Slow, only 1.13%. What is more, the food manufacturing industry, electricity and steam, hot water production and supply sectors have experienced some degree of decline.