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文章在对技术进步的技能偏态性理论回顾与总结的基础上,利用制造业企业的微观数据,用成本函数和生产函数形式的计量模型,对中国企业技术进步的技能偏态性进行了计量检验。研究结果表明,中国企业的技术进步在一定程度上呈现出技能偏态性的特点,导致了企业对高技能劳动力需求的增加,以及高技能劳动力所占的就业比重和收入比重的增加。同时,研究结果在一定程度上解释了劳动力市场中“技工荒”与“民工荒”并存的现象。
Based on the review and summary of the theory of technological bias, this paper makes use of the micro-data of manufacturing enterprises and measures the skill bias of technological progress of Chinese enterprises with the measurement model of cost function and production function test. The results show that the technological progress of Chinese enterprises shows the characteristics of skill bias to a certain extent, resulting in the increase of enterprises’ demand for highly-skilled labor force and the increase of employment proportion and income proportion of highly-skilled labor force. At the same time, the results of the study explain to some extent the coexistence of “shortage of skilled workers” and “shortage of migrant workers” in the labor market.