Objective　To compare the effects of Xuezhikang and Simvastatin in patients with primary hyperlipidemia. Methods　108 patients with primary hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1,53 patients, took 4 Xuezhikang capsules per day （1.2g/day） for 8 weeks and Group 2, 55 patients took Simvastatin 10 mg per day for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, the lipid levels were compared with those of the baseline in each group. Results　In Group 1, the serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）, low-density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol and trigly cerides （TG） decreased by 23.0％, 28.0％ and 28.1％（P＜0.001）, and in Group 2 reduced by 23.3％, 29.5％ and 29.5％（P＜0.001） respectively. The serum levels of high-density lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol after taking Xuezhikang increased by 5.0％（P＞0.05） and after taking Simvastatin increased by 14.3％（P＜0.01）. No significant differences, however, were found between the two groups in TC, LDL cholesterol, TG, and HDL cholesterol. The side effects of Xuezhikang were less than those of Simvastatin. Conclusion　Xuezhikang made in China is a safe, effective and well toleraled lipid modulator.