目的研究不同浓度盐酸吗啡和不同温度对石家庄地区优势蝇种肥须亚麻蝇(Parasarcophaga crassipalpis)幼虫头咽骨的影响,积累石家庄地区尸源性蝇类的法医昆虫毒理学资料,从而为死后间隔时间(postmortem interval,PMI)的推断提供科学依据。方法诱捕肥须亚麻蝇,并在培养箱中连续培养。选用家兔4只,其中1只经耳缘静脉注射生理盐水(对照),另3只分别给予0.5、1、2倍致死剂量盐酸吗啡经耳缘静脉注射。分别在24℃、28℃、32℃恒温条件下用新鲜猪肝诱导成蝇产幼虫并移至家兔肌肉组织上饲养。每隔12h留取幼虫标本一次直至达到离食期。将幼虫烫死并保存。体视显微镜下分离出幼虫的头节,然后将头咽骨进行对称分离,光学显微镜下观察、拍照。利用计算机图像分析系统对头咽骨的口钩及咽骨面积、骨化面积和平均光密度等指标进行测定。结果 (1)随着盐酸吗啡浓度和温度的增高,肥须亚麻蝇幼虫的生长速度均在一定程度上加快。(2)随着时间的延长,幼虫头咽骨的颜色从浅棕黄色逐渐加深直至变为黑褐色,同时,骨化程度逐渐加强,骨化面积不断加大,并在三龄期出现点状的附口骨。(3)幼虫口钩和咽骨面积均随时间的延长不断增加,在叠龄期时变化较剧烈,直至进入三龄期后很快达到最大值,并进入平台期,维持基本恒定。(4)幼虫口钩的骨化面积和平均光密度及咽骨的骨化面积和平均光密度在3个龄期中均随时间的延长而逐渐增高,直至三龄期结束。口钩和咽骨的骨化面积和平均光密度达到最大值的时间明显滞后于二者面积达到最大值的时间。结论肥须亚麻蝇幼虫的口钩骨化面积和平均光密度及咽骨的骨化面积和平均光密度均随时间的延长呈现持续性增加的趋势,并一直维持到三龄期后,此4项指标是推测PMI的理想指标。 Objective To study the effects of different concentrations of morphine hydrochloride and different temperature on the pharyngeal pharynx of Parasarcophaga crassipalpis larvae in Shijiazhuang region and to accumulate the toxicological data of the forensic insects from the deadly flies in Shijiazhuang so as to provide evidence for post mortem interval Time (postmortem interval, PMI) inferred to provide a scientific basis. Methods Traps fat fly flies, and continuous culture in the incubator. Four rabbits were selected, one of them was injected with saline through the marginal ear vein (control), and the other three were given 0.5, 1, and 2 times lethal doses of morphine hydrochloride through the marginal ear vein respectively. Fresh larvae were induced to produce larvae and transferred to muscle tissue of rabbits at 24 ℃, 28 ℃ and 32 ℃, respectively. Larvae specimens are taken once every 12h until reaching the time of leaving. The larvae are burned and preserved. The head section of the larva was isolated under a stereomicroscope and then the pharyngeal bone was symmetrically separated and observed under a light microscope. The computerized image analysis system was used to determine the index of mouth hook, pharyngeal bone area, ossification area and average optical density of head pharyngeal bone. Results (1) With the increase of morphine concentration and temperature, the growth of Larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda was accelerated to a certain extent. (2) With the extension of time, larvae pharyngeal bone color gradually deepened from light brown to dark brown, at the same time, gradually increased degree of ossification, ossification area continues to increase, and in the third instar appear punctate Attached bone. (3) Larval hook pharynx and pharyngeal area both increased with time, and changed more intensely at the age of three generations. The larva reached the maximum value quickly after reaching the third instar and entered the plateau phase, maintaining the basic constant. (4) The ossification area, average optical density, ossification area and average optical density of the mouth hook of the larvae increased gradually with the extension of time until the end of the third instar. Occlusion and pharyngeal ossification area and average optical density reached the maximum time lag significantly behind both the area reached the maximum time. Conclusion The area of ​​hook hook ossification and average optical density of larvae and the ossification area and average optical density of pharyngeal bone tend to increase with the extension of time and have been maintained until the third instar Item index is the ideal indicator of PMI.