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采集上海中心城区主要公园绿地土壤表层(0～30 cm)以及剖面(0～90 cm)样品,研究了土壤pH、电导率(EC)、有机质、氮、磷、钾等肥力特性,并采用内梅罗指数法综合评价了公园土壤的肥力特征。结果表明,上海中心城区公园土壤pH以弱碱性(pH 7.5～8.5)和碱性(pH>8.5)为主,98.47%土壤pH值高于7.5,土壤电导率主要分布在0.03～0.74 mS.cm-1之间,平均为0.13 mS.cm-1,有机质以中等含量为主,土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮含量以中等到偏低为主;大多数公园土壤有效磷较为缺乏,而土壤全钾、速效钾含量则较为丰富。从剖面分布看,土壤各层次pH值差异不大,而电导率则随土层的加深而增加;有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量随着土层的加深而下降,表层显著高于亚表层和底层(p<0.05),全磷含量表层高于底层,但相互间差异不显著。内梅罗综合肥力指数评价结果显示,上海中心城区公园土壤肥力指数较低,53.52%土壤综合肥力指数为0.9～1.8,44.65%土壤综合肥力指数小于0.9,表现为中等到贫瘠水平,在未来养护中需要有针对性的进行改良。
Soil samples (0 ~ 30 cm) and section (0 ~ 90 cm) were collected from the main park greenbelt in downtown Shanghai to study the fertility characteristics of soil pH, conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, Merlot index method comprehensively evaluated the fertility characteristics of the park soil. The results showed that the soil pH of downtown Shanghai was mainly weak alkaline (pH 7.5 ~ 8.5) and alkaline (pH> 8.5), the pH value of 98.47% was higher than 7.5, and the soil electrical conductivity was mainly distributed in the range of 0.03 ~ 0.74 mS. cm-1, with an average of 0.13 mS · cm-1. The content of organic matter was medium, and the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available nitrogen in soil were moderate to low. Most of the available phosphorus in the soil was scarce, The soil potassium, available potassium content is more abundant. From the profile distribution, there is no significant difference in the pH value of soil layers, but the conductivity increases with the deepening of soil layer; the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium decrease with the deepening of soil layers, The surface layer was significantly higher than the subsurface and the bottom (p <0.05), the total phosphorus content of the surface layer higher than the bottom, but the difference was not significant. The results of Nemerow comprehensive fertility index showed that the soil fertility index of Shanghai Central Park was lower, the comprehensive soil fertility index of 53.52% was 0.9-1.84 and the comprehensive soil fertility index was less than 0.9, showing a moderate to poor level. In the future, Need to be targeted for improvement.