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目的:探讨游泳运动对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞中间纤维和超微结构的影响,为运动对血管的生理和病理变化研究提供一定的形态学依据。方法:SD大鼠进行8周不同强度的耐力游泳训练(EST),并在运动后,取胸主动脉平滑肌分别进行石蜡切片样本处理和常规透射电镜样本处理,石蜡切片分别进行结蛋白和波形蛋白的免疫组织化学染色(Envision法),观察比较各组结蛋白和波形蛋白的分布,计算其平均光密度和阳性面积的改变,电镜观察肌细胞内超微结构的改变。结果:8周耐力训练后,小强度组(LIT)的结蛋白、波形蛋白和超微结构与对照组相比,未见明显改变;中强度组(MIT)的结蛋白和波形蛋白明显增加,且超微结构也产生适应性改变;大强度组(HIT)的结蛋白和波形蛋白显著减少,同时超微结构可见损伤性改变。结论:不同强度的耐力游泳运动对大鼠平滑肌肌细胞中间纤维和超微结构产生不同的影响。
Objective: To investigate the effect of swimming on the fiber and ultrastructure of rat vascular smooth muscle cells and to provide some morphological evidence for the study of the physiological and pathological changes of blood vessels. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to endurance swimming training (EST) for 8 weeks with different intensities. After exercise, the paraffin sections of the thoracic aorta were taken and processed by conventional transmission electron microscopy. Paraffin sections were harvested for desmin and vimentin Immunohistochemical staining (Envision method) was used to observe the distribution of the desmin and vimentin in each group. The average optical density and the area of the positive area were calculated. The ultrastructural changes in the muscle cells were observed by electron microscope. RESULTS: After eight weeks of endurance training, the levels of desmin, vimentin and ultrastructure in the low intensity group (LIT) were not significantly changed compared with those in the control group. The levels of desmin and vimentin were significantly increased in the moderate intensity group (MIT) And the ultrastructure also produced adaptive changes; high intensity group (HIT) of the desmin and vimentin significantly reduced, at the same time, ultrastructural damage seen changes. Conclusion: Endurance swimming exercise of different intensities has different effects on the middle fibers and ultrastructure of smooth muscle cells in rats.