小麦从播种到收获的一生中,自始至终存在着一系列矛盾,如植株生长与外界环境条件的矛盾、营养器官与生殖器官以及各部分器官相互之间的矛盾、群体结构与个体发育的矛盾,等等。这些矛盾影响着小麦的生育情况和产量结果。为了争取在可能条件下获得最大幅度的增产,必须深入了解小麦生长发育和产量形成的基本规律,具体分析不同栽培条件下各个生育阶段出现的主要矛盾,正确运用各项栽培技术措施。一、产量的形成穗数、粒数和粒重是构成小麦产量的因素。在这三个因素中,穗数起着主导的作用,并对粒数和粒重有着明显的影响。穗数不足,是产量不高的重要原因;穗数过多,则导致粒数、粒重的下降和引起倒伏而减产。因此,保证足够的合理穗数,并使穗数、粒数、粒重三者 There are a series of contradictions throughout the life of sowing and harvesting, such as the contradiction between plant growth and environmental conditions, the contradiction between vegetative and reproductive organs and various organs, the contradiction between group structure and individual development, etc. Wait. These contradictions affect the fertility and yield of wheat. In order to obtain the maximum yield increase under the possible conditions, the basic laws of wheat growth and yield formation must be thoroughly understood. The main contradictions in each growth stage under different cultivation conditions should be analyzed in detail and various cultivation techniques and measures should be correctly applied. First, the formation of the yield The number of spikes, grain number and weight are the factors that make up the wheat yield. Among these three factors, the number of spikes played a dominant role and had a significant effect on grain number and grain weight. Insufficient spike numbers are an important reason for low yield; too much spikes lead to a decrease in grain number, grain weight, and yield reduction. Therefore, to ensure adequate and reasonable number of spikes, and the number of spikes, grain number, weight three