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α-氯代十二酸(α-chlorododecanoic acid,α-CDA)与三甲胺(TMA)在水热条件下经氨解反应可以合成两性表面活性剂α-癸基甜菜碱(α-capric betaine,α-CB),但水解副反应的竞争使α-CB产率偏低。在优化了溶剂、投料比等因素的基础上,通过采用动力学控制手段——程序升温,有效地抑制了水解副反应,从而显著提高了产物α-CB的产率。当n(TMA)/n(α-CDA)=3时,以KI为催化剂,且m(KI)/m(α-CDA)=0.01,预先添加质量分数为0.5%的α-CB,于70℃反应8 h,再升温至100℃继续反应2 h后,α-CB的产率从非程序升温时的62.4%提高到程序升温后的92%。
α-caprolactate (α-CDA) and trimethylamine (TMA) can be synthesized by aminolysis under hydrothermal conditions. The α-capric betaine α-CB), but the competition of hydrolysis side reaction lowers the yield of α-CB. On the basis of optimizing the factors such as the solvent and the feed ratio, the kinetic control method - programmed temperature was used to effectively inhibit the hydrolysis side reaction, thereby significantly improving the yield of the product α-CB. Α (α-CDA) = 0.01 was added with KI as catalyst and α-CB was added in advance at a mass fraction of 0.5% for n (TMA) / n ℃ for 8 h, and then heated to 100 ℃ for 2 h, the yield of α-CB increased from 62.4% at non-programmed temperature to 92% at elevated temperature.