研究不同施氮方式对玉米田土壤水分动态变化和土壤无机氮变化特征的影响。结果表明,玉米生育期不同施氮方式下,0~100 cm土壤水分变化趋势相似,非雨季0~20 cm土壤含水量施肥处理比不施肥(CK)低2~4个百分点,雨季由于降雨的补给各处理各层土壤水分无明显变化。施氮显著增加了0~100 cm土层无机氮含量。习惯施肥处理土壤硝态氮含量受降雨影响较大,表现出向土壤深层迁移的趋势;缓控释肥、优化施肥和优化施肥+秸秆还田处理可降低土壤硝态氮的残留。0~40 cm土壤铵态氮含量受基肥和追肥影响较大,41~100 cm土壤铵态氮含量为3~5 mg/kg,变化幅度较小,趋于稳定。合理的氮肥用量及施氮方式,可有效减少土壤硝态氮的残留,减轻浅层地下水硝态氮污染的风险。 Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Methods on Soil Water Dynamics and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Variation in Corn Field. The results showed that the trend of 0 ~ 100 cm soil moisture was similar under different N rates during maize growth. The soil moisture at 0 ~ 20 cm soil depth in non-rainy season was 2 ~ 4 percentage points lower than that of non-fertilization (CK) There was no significant change in the soil moisture supply in all treatments. Nitrogen addition significantly increased the inorganic nitrogen content in 0-100 cm soil layer. The nitrate content in soils under habitual fertilization was greatly affected by rainfall, and showed a tendency of migrating to deeper layers of the soil. Slow controlled release fertilizer, optimized fertilization and optimized fertilization + straw returning could reduce the residual nitrate nitrogen in soil. The content of ammonium nitrogen in 0-40 cm soil layer was more affected by basal fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, and the content of ammonium nitrogen in 41-100 cm soil layer was 3-5 mg / kg, which was smaller and stable. Reasonable amount of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen application can effectively reduce the residual nitrate nitrogen in soil and reduce the risk of nitrate nitrogen pollution in shallow groundwater.