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目的了解克拉玛依市乙型肝炎疫苗(乙肝疫苗)接种后,人群血清乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染率的变化。方法采用随机抽样方法抽取克拉玛依市的3个行政区0~80岁人群11801人,进行乙肝疫苗接种率及乙肝感染率调查,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)及抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和e抗体(抗-HBe)。结果20岁~组以下各年龄组乙肝疫苗平均接种率为96.33%,25岁~组以上各年龄组乙肝疫苗平均接种率为45.44%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(Р<0.01)。20岁~组以下各年龄组HBsAg阳性率为0.19~5.41%,HBV阳性率为1.64%~37.84%,与1990年调查结果比较均有明显下降(Р均<0.01)。25岁~组以上各年龄组HBsAg阳性率为5.22%~10.43%,与1990年调查结果比校,无明显下降(Р>0.05);HBV阳性率为39.92%~53.16%,均高于1990年调查结果(Р均<0.01)。结论实施大规模乙肝疫苗接种,并保持较高的接种率,是控制HBV感染最有效的措施;在重点做好计划免疫人群乙肝疫苗接种率的同时,还应提高成人乙肝疫苗接种免疫,以控制成人HBV感染,在全部人群中建立有效免疫屏障。
Objective To understand the change of serum hepatitis B (HBV) infection rate in Karamay city after inoculation of Hepatitis B vaccine (Hepatitis B vaccine). Methods A total of 11801 people aged 0-80 years from 3 districts of Karamay were enrolled in this study. The rate of hepatitis B vaccination and the prevalence of hepatitis B were investigated. Blood samples were collected for the detection of HBsAg, anti-HBs and hepatitis B virus Core antibody (anti-HBc), hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) and e antibody (anti-HBe). Results The average vaccination rate of Hepatitis B vaccine was 96.33% in each age group from 20 years old to less than 25 years old. The average vaccination rate of Hepatitis B vaccine in each age group of 25 years old to above was 45.44%. The difference was statistically significant (P0.01). The positive rate of HBsAg in the age group of 20 years old ~ group was 0.19 ~ 5.41% and the positive rate of HBV was 1.64% ~ 37.84% in each age group, which was significantly lower than that of 1990 survey (all P0.01). The positive rates of HBsAg between 25 years old and above group were 5.22% -10.43% in all age groups, which showed no significant difference with the survey results in 1990 (P0.05). The positive rate of HBsAg was between 39.92% and 53.16% Survey results (Р all <0.01). Conclusion The implementation of large-scale hepatitis B vaccination, and to maintain a high vaccination rate is the most effective measures to control HBV infection; in order to do a good job in the planned immunization population hepatitis B vaccination rate should also increase adult hepatitis B vaccine immunization to control Adult HBV infection, in all populations to establish an effective immune barrier.