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本研究对三重测交分析模式做了理论推演,并据此对两套小麦群体材料进行了遗传变异与基因效应—环境互作分析。结果表明:虽然加性—显性模式对大部分性状合适,但上位效应对产量性状的作用不可低估。加性效应在各性状中均为显著或极显著;显性效应在大多数性状中相当重要。而且,加性遗传方差估值多大于显性方差,前者的估值稳定性也明显大于后者。参试性状均表现显著的基因效应—环境互作。加性、显性效应对环境差异的敏感程度相近;但不同类型的上位效应与环境互作的表现不同,其中ad型和dd型与环境的互作更为明显。本研究中aa型上位效应作用较小,ad与dd型居多。试验证明,模式Ⅴ和Ⅶ较为妥善,可在遗传育种研究中广泛应用。
In this study, we deduced the triple test analysis model and deduced the genetic variation and the gene effect-environment interaction analysis of two wheat populations. The results show that although the additive-dominance model is suitable for most traits, the epistatic effect on yield traits should not be underestimated. The additive effect is significant or very significant in all traits; the dominant effect is quite important in most traits. Moreover, the additive genetic variance is greater than the dominant variance, the former’s valuation stability is also significantly greater than the latter. The traits all showed significant gene effect-environment interaction. The sensitivities of additive and dominance effects to environmental differences are similar; however, the performance of different types of epistatic effects and environmental interactions is different. The interaction between ad type and dd type and the environment is more obvious. The role of aa-type epistasis in this study is small, ad and dd-type majority. Experiments show that the mode Ⅴ and Ⅶ more appropriate, can be widely used in genetic breeding research.