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当美国人在B-47上成功采用了后掠翼布局之后,各国的空气动力学家先后证实了后掠翼的优势:能大幅增大飞机的临界马赫数,减小跨音速时的激波阻力,比传统的直翼具有更好的高速飞行气动性能。于是后掠翼机成了各国的研制重点,但是在研制的过程中空气动力学家们发现后掠翼在低速飞行时的气动效率不高,升力系数较低,诱导阻力过大,从而造成飞机的低速飞行、起降性能差而巡航飞行时燃油消耗过大等缺陷。直翼机虽然在跨音速甚至超音速飞行时机翼上的激波使得阻力剧增,造成飞行性能骤降,但是却有较高的巡航效率和较好的低速飞行性能。在飞
When the Americans succeeded in using the swept-back wing layout on the B-47, aerodynamists from all over the world confirmed the advantages of swept-back wings: a substantial increase in the critical Mach number of the aircraft and a reduction of the shock at transonic speeds Resistance, better aerodynamic performance than conventional straight wings at high speeds. So after the swept wing has become the focus of development of various countries, but in the development process, aerodynamicists found that the swept wing in low-speed flight aerodynamic efficiency is not high, the lift coefficient is low, induced resistance is too large, resulting in the aircraft Of the low-speed flight, take-off and landing performance is poor and cruise flight fuel consumption is too large and other defects. Although the direct wing aircraft in the transonic or supersonic flight when the shock on the wing makes the resistance surge, resulting in the flight performance plummeted, but it has high cruising efficiency and good low-speed flight performance. Fly