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目的了解梅毒高发地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓情况,分析相关影响因素,探讨健康教育工作重点,为预防梅毒母婴传播工作开展提供依据。方法采用1:1配对病例对照研究方法,对浙江衢州、福建福安、湖南平江、四川内江地区的141例梅毒感染孕产妇(病例组)与141例非梅毒感染孕产妇(对照组)进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行统计分析。结果研究地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓率偏低(病例组23.45%,对照组20.19%),文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均年收入是两组预防梅毒母婴传播知识知晓情况的影响因素,文化程度为高中/中专/职高(OR=0.147,95%CI:0.038~0.569)为其保护因素,而婚姻为再婚(OR=9.977,95%CI:1.729~57.572)、5 000≤家庭人均年收入<10 000(OR=4.003,95%CI:1.300~12.324)为其危险因素。结论调查地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓率低,这些地区孕产妇的预防梅毒母婴传播相关健康教育有待加强,梅毒传播途径和梅毒母婴传播相关知识是健康教育重点。
Objective To understand the situation of maternal prevention of maternal-to-child transmission of syphilis in high incidence areas of syphilis, analyze the related factors and discuss the key points of health education so as to provide basis for prevention of maternal-to-child transmission of syphilis. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 141 pregnant women with syphilis infection (case group) and 141 pregnant women with non-syphilis infection (control group) in Quzhou of Fujian, Fu’an of Fujian, Pingjiang of Hunan and Neijiang of Sichuan. , The statistical analysis of the survey results. Results The awareness rate of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in pregnant women and mothers in the study area was low (23.45% in the case group and 20.19% in the control group), educational level, marital status and annual per capita household income were the two groups (OR = 0.147, 95% CI: 0.038-0.569) as the protective factor, but the marriage was remarried (OR = 9.977, 95% CI: 1.729-57.572) and the level of education ≤ Family per capita annual income <10 000 (OR = 4.003,95% CI: 1.300 ~ 12.324) as its risk factors. Conclusions The awareness rate of preventing maternal-to-mother-to-child transmission of syphilis is low in the surveyed areas. Health education related to prevention of maternal-to-child transmission of syphilis should be strengthened in these areas. Knowledge of syphilis transmission and mother-to-child transmission of syphilis is the focus of health education.