19世纪的世界美术史产生于复杂多变的时代,法国大革命的影响波及世界,提高了人民的民族意识,在美术上各种文艺思潮频繁更迭。在欧洲范围内,流行了200多年的古典主义开始让位于新兴的艺术流派。同时,俄罗斯本国文化业受到了强烈的冲击,文学上出现了像果戈里、陀思妥耶夫斯基这样的一批大文豪,这些进步的思想家开始寻求拯救民族的出路,政治上沙皇的统治岌岌可危,新兴贵族与农民起义不断,资本主义开始蓬勃发展,就是这样一个复杂的社会背景,造就了19世纪俄罗斯灿烂的美术史话,使俄罗斯美术逐步确立了鲜明的民族特色,成为世纪美术史上独一无二,不可取代的重要部分,贡献了一笔宝贵的精神财富。 The art world history of the 19th century originated in a complex and changeable era. The influence of the French Revolution spread to the world and people’s national awareness. In art, various literary trends of thought were frequently changed. Within Europe, the classicism that prevailed for more than 200 years began to give way to the emerging genre of art. At the same time, Russia’s own cultural industry has been strongly hit by the emergence of literary groups such as Gogol and Dostoyevsky. These progressive thinkers are beginning to seek ways to save the nation. The political tsar The monarchy is in jeopardy. The emerging aristocracy and peasant uprisings continue. Capitalism is booming. It is such a complex social background that brought brilliant Russian art history in the 19th century. Russian art has gradually established its distinct national characteristics and become unique in the history of art in the 21st century. , An irreplaceable important part, contributed a valuable spiritual wealth.