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以重要中草药黄精Polygonattum sibiricium的主要害虫二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae为研究对象,在5个温度(15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃及35℃)条件下,测定了大草蛉Chrysopa pallens雌成虫对二斑叶螨的捕食功能反应及搜索效应。试验结果表明,在温度处理设置范围内,各温度下大草蛉对二斑叶螨的捕食功能反应均拟合HollingII功能反应模型。大草蛉对二斑叶螨的捕食,受温度及猎物密度影响显著。而在各温度处理间,以25℃下的瞬间攻击率最大为0.664,而猎物处理时间最短为0.025d。瞬间攻击率在高温及低温条件下均低于25℃。但猎物处理时间则呈显出相反的趋势。基于捕食功能反应结果计算的搜索效应表明,大草蛉对二斑叶螨的搜索效应在各温度处理内随猎物密度增加而线性上升,其中以25℃下的捕食效应最高,而在15℃下的最低。本研究结果表明,大草蛉雌成虫作为一种捕食性天敌,对黄精上的二斑叶螨具有一定的控害潜能,并且其取食能力受环境温度影响显著。
In this paper, Tetranychus urticae, the major pest of Polygonatum sibiricium, was isolated from female Chrysopa pallens adults at 5 temperature (15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃ and 35 ℃) Predatory Functional Response to Two - spotted Spider Mite and Its Searching Effect. The experimental results showed that the predation functional response of A. grandis to Tetranychus urticae fitted the Holling II functional response model under the temperature setting range. The predation on the two-spotted spider mites is the effect of temperature and prey density. At each temperature treatment, the instantaneous attack rate at 25 ℃ was 0.664, while the shortest prey treatment time was 0.025d. Instantaneous attack rate in the high temperature and low temperature conditions are lower than 25 ℃. However, prey processing time showed the opposite trend. The search effect, which is calculated based on the results of predator response, showed that the search effect of A. grandis on the two-spotted spider mites increased linearly with the density of prey in each temperature treatment, and the predation effect at 25 ℃ was the highest, while at 15 ℃ lowest. The results of this study showed that female adults of A. grandis had a certain control potential on Tetranychus urticae as a predatory natural enemy, and their feeding ability was significantly affected by ambient temperature.