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水稻是世界上主要的粮食作物之一,也是功能基因组研究的模式植物。近年来水稻表观基因组研究取得了重大进展,表观基因组是指在特定的内在和外界环境条件下,细胞内全基因组染色质的修饰(如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、核小体在基因组DNA上的排列等)状态。表观基因组在调控水稻生长发育、产量、品质、适应性以及抗性等基因表达重编程过程中起重要作用,在水稻生物学和遗传育种学研究中起着重要的作用。现试图描述水稻表观基因组的特征,总结近年来研究所取得的成就,讨论未来的发展方向。
Rice is one of the main food crops in the world and is also a model plant for functional genomics research. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of rice epigenome, which refers to the modification of whole genome chromatin (such as DNA methylation, histone modification, nucleosome in Genomic DNA, etc.) state. The epigenome plays an important role in the reprogramming of the gene expression and regulation of rice growth, yield, quality, adaptability and resistance, and plays an important role in the research of rice biology and genetics and breeding. We are trying to describe the characteristics of rice epigenome, summarize the achievements made in recent years, and discuss the future direction of development.