从1994年11月16日《联合国海洋法公约》正式生效以来，国际海洋权益进入了一个明确分配的新阶段：200海里以内海域逐步国土化，公海和国际海底向国际共同管理的方向发展。国家间的海域边界争端增多，控制出海通道、抢占国际公海资源的斗争渐趋激烈。我国海洋权益面临国际国内两 Since the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on November 16, 1994, international maritime rights and interests have entered a new phase of clear distribution: the gradual localization of the sea area within 200 nautical miles and the joint development of the high seas and the international seabed to the international community. The disputes over maritime boundaries between countries have increased. The struggle to control sea routes and seize international high seas resources has become increasingly fierce. China’s maritime rights and interests are facing both domestic and international