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目的从基因层面探讨18年来我国及欧美国家甲3亚型流感流行株与当时WHO疫苗推荐株之间的差异。方法收集1988-2005年间我国以及欧美国家的甲3亚型流感流行株与疫苗株的血凝素重链(HA1)区域的氨基酸序列,用BioEdit生物软件进行比较,分析其与当时疫苗推荐株在HA1以及HA1抗原决定簇区域的氨基酸差异。结果在HA1区以及HA1区抗原决定簇位点,我国甲3亚型流感流行株与当年疫苗株之间的差异,均大于它与下一轮疫苗株之间的差异,且已达到十分显著的程度(P<0．01)。而欧美国家甲3亚型流感流行株与当年疫苗株之间的差异,虽然稍大于它与下一轮疫苗株之间的差异,但尚不显著(P>0．05)。此外,使用多年的疫苗株,无论在我国还是欧美,随着疫苗使用年数的增加,流行株与疫苗株之间的差异不断增大。结论WHO推荐的甲3亚型疫苗株与我国甲3亚型流行株之间,从基因层面进行分析,存在明显的滞后现象。
Objective To investigate the differences between the pandemic influenza A (H3N1) strains and the WHO vaccine recommended strains in China, Europe and the United States over the past 18 years at the genetic level. Methods The amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin heavy chain (HA1) region of influenza A (3) subtype influenza and vaccine strains collected from 1988 to 2005 in China, Europe and the United States were collected and compared with BioEdit software. HA1 and HA1 epitope regions. Results In the HA1 and HA1 epitopes, the differences between the influenza A (H3N1) strains and the vaccine strains in our country were greater than those between the vaccine strains and the next round of vaccine strains, and had reached a very significant Degree (P <0.01). However, the difference between influenza A and subtype 3 influenza vaccine strains in Europe and the United States was not significant (P> 0.05), though it was slightly larger than the difference between the vaccine strain and the next vaccine strain. In addition, the use of multi-year vaccine strains, both in China and Europe and the United States, with the increase in the number of years of use of vaccines, epidemic and vaccine strains of the growing differences between. Conclusions There is obvious hysteresis in the genetic level between the A (3) subtype vaccine strains recommended by the WHO and the A (3) subtype strains in China.