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不同植被类型对土壤水蚀的影响因子是计算土壤水蚀速率以及选择适当土地利用方式的基本参数。本文以土壤侵蚀模型中的植被因子(C因子)为指标,研究不同植被类型对土壤水蚀的影响。根据6个水土保持试验项目33个小区共195个小区年的资料,计算了刺槐、柠条、沙棘、沙棘-杨树,沙棘-油松、沙打旺、红豆草、苜蓿和草木樨等9种林草植被因子值。林地植被因子介于0.004到0.164之间,以刺槐林的C值最低。草地植被因子介于0.071到0.377之间,以第一年的草木樨C值为最高。定量对比说明林草植被的水土保持效益明显优于农作物。本项研究结果可以用于定量比较不同植被类型覆盖下的土壤流失速率,对于北方农牧交错带退耕还林还草政策的实施具有参考价值。
The influencing factors of soil erosion on different vegetation types are the basic parameters for calculating soil water erosion rate and selecting appropriate land use patterns. In this paper, the vegetation factor (C factor) in soil erosion model is used as an index to study the effect of different vegetation types on soil water erosion. According to the data of 195 plots in 33 plots of 6 soil and water conservation pilot projects, the results of Robinia pseudoacacia, Caragana korshinskii, Seabuckthorn, Seabuckthorn-poplar, Seabuckthorn-Pinus tabulaeformis, Astragalus adsurgens, sainfoin, alfalfa, Forest grass vegetation factor value. The vegetation factor of forestland ranged from 0.004 to 0.164, and the lowest value of C in Robinia pseudoacacia forest. Grassland vegetation factor ranged from 0.071 to 0.377, with the highest value of C in the first year. The quantitative comparison shows that the benefits of soil and water conservation of forest and grass vegetation are obviously superior to those of crops. The results of this study can be used to quantitatively compare the rate of soil erosion under different types of vegetation and provide reference for the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forests or pasture in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northern China.