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【目的】探讨翼外肌在髁突矢状骨折愈合中对新骨形成的影响。【方法】10只健康绵羊随机分为观察组（5只）和对照组（5只），两组绵羊均通过髁突截骨术造成髁突矢状骨折，观察组保留翼外肌功能，对照组阻断翼外肌功能。观察两组绵羊术后4周、12周、24周新生骨骨小梁数量、厚度、间隙宽度及骨体积分数的变化，并采用RT‐PCR和免疫组织化学方法检测骨钙蛋白（osteocalcin ，OCN ）、转化生长因子β1（transforming grow th factor‐β1，TGF‐β1）基因及蛋白水平。【结果】随着时间的延长，观察组骨小梁数量、厚度、骨体积分数显著上升，骨小梁间隙宽度显著降低（ P ＜0．05）；观察组骨小梁数量、厚度、骨体积分数显著高于同时段对照组，骨小梁间隙宽度显著低于对照组（P ＜0．05）；对照组各时段骨小梁数量、厚度、间隙宽度、骨体积分数比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。观察组OCN mRNA、TGF‐β1 mRNA表达量及阳性细胞百分比随时间延长持续升高（ P ＜0．05）；观察组各时段OCN mRNA、TGF‐β1 mRNA表达量及阳性细胞百分比均显著高于对照组（ P ＜0．05）；而对照组OCN mRNA、TGF‐β1 mRNA表达及阳性细胞百分比术后12周达峰值，24周陡然降低（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】翼外肌对髁突矢状骨折愈合过程中髁突形态的改建有一定影响，其机制可能是通过促进断面新骨的形成诱发或加重髁突畸形，导致关节盘或关节窝粘连，进而诱发颞下颌关节强直。“,”[Objective] To explore the effects of new bone formation of pterygoid muscle in condyle fracture .[Meth‐ods] A total of 8 healthy sheep were randomly divided into observation and control groups ( n=4 each) .Condylar osteot‐omy was used for mimicking mandibular condyle sagittal fracture .Pterygoid muscle function was retained for observation group and blocked for control group .At Weeks 4 ,12 and 24 ,the changes of new bone trabecular number ,thickness ,gap width and bone volume fraction were recorded .Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immuno‐histochemistry were used for detecting the changes of osteocalcin (OCN) ,transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) gene and protein .[Results]With elapsing time ,trabecular number ,thickness and bone volume fraction increased significantly while trabecular gap width significantly decreased in observation group as compared to control group ( P<0 .05) .In ob‐servation group ,trabecular number ,thickness and bone volume fraction were significantly higher while trabecular gap width was significantly lower than control group ( P0 .05) .In observation group ,the expressions of OCN mRNA and TGF‐β1 mRNA and positive cell percentage increased significantly ( P <0 .05) .As compared with control group ,the expressions of OCN mRNA and TGF‐β1 mRNA and positive cell percentage were significantly higher in observation group during each period ( P<0 .05) .In control group ,the expressions of OCN mRNA and TGF‐β1 mRNA and positive cell percentage peaked during Week 12 and then decreased significantly ( P <0 .05) .[Conclusion] Pterygoid muscle affects remodeling of condyle shape in healing of sagittal condylar fracture .And the mechanism may be due to a formation of new bone and an aggravation of condyle deformity resulting in joint disk or articular fossa adhesion and ankylosis .