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目的应用家兔模型,探讨肝脏急性放射性损伤超顺磁性氧化铁(SPIO)增强 MRI 方法与影像表现。方法 12只成年家兔,单次40 Gy X 线半肝照射后第10天,行肝脏 SPIO 增强前后MRI 和病理学研究。结果 12只家兔增强前快速自旋回波(TSE)T_2WI,2只肝脏照射区呈稍高信号,1只呈稍低信号。SPIO 增强多序列 MRI 共检出9只阳性家兔,肝脏照射区表现为相对高、较高信号,以快速场回波(TFE)T_1WI 检出率最高。200倍光学显微镜下,家兔肝脏照射区均出现不同程度小叶中央静脉血管闭塞性损伤;肝脏透射电子显微镜检查发现照射区肝脏细胞水肿、胶原纤维沉积、胞质内空泡化和 Disse 间隙水肿等异常。结论肝脏受单次大剂量照射后早期病理以小叶中央静脉血管闭塞性损伤为主要特征,SPIO 增强 MRI 是评价肝脏急性放射性损伤的有效手段。
Objective To evaluate the MRI and imaging features of acute radiation-induced liver injury induced by superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in rabbits. Methods Twelve adult rabbits were subjected to MRI and pathology before and after SPIO enhancement on the 10th day after a single 40 Gy X-ray irradiation. Results Twenty-two rabbits had pre-enhanced rapid spin echo (TSE) T_2WI, with slightly higher signal intensity and slightly lower signal intensity in the two liver irradiation areas. Nine positive rabbits were detected by SPIO enhanced multi - sequence MRI. The liver irradiation area showed relatively high and high signal, and the detection rate of T_1WI was the highest. 200 times optical microscope, rabbit liver irradiation area showed varying degrees of lobular central venous occlusive injury; liver transmission electron microscopy found that the irradiated area of the liver cell edema, collagen deposition, intracytoplasmic vacuolation and Disse gap edema abnormal. Conclusions The early pathology of the liver is mainly characterized by occlusive lobular central venous occlusion after single large dose irradiation. SPIO enhanced MRI is an effective method to evaluate the acute radioactive injury of the liver.