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麻扎是新疆地区特有的陵墓建筑类型,喀什地区作为麻扎建筑发源地,是丝绸之路新疆段中、下路的交汇点。麻扎处于这种历史文化悠久、多元文化交融的环境中,是新疆古建筑遗产的代表之一,又深受到中亚地区建筑风格特征的影响,具有重要的研究价值。文章在介绍麻扎建筑背景的基础上,探讨其组成、分类,并从造型、空间、建筑装饰与营造等方面详细对麻扎建筑的特征进行了全面分析和深入解读,以此加深对麻扎地域建筑的理解,并对喀什乃至新疆地区同类建筑遗产的保护提供有价值的参考。
Maza is a unique type of mausoleum construction in Xinjiang. As the birthplace of Mazar construction, Kashgar is the meeting point of the middle and lower roads of the Silk Road in Xinjiang. Mazar is one of the representatives of the ancient architectural heritage in Xinjiang and has been greatly influenced by the architectural style in Central Asia, which is of great research value in the environment of long history and multiculturalism. On the basis of introducing the background of Mazar architecture, this paper discusses the composition and classification of Mazar architecture and analyzes in detail the characteristics of Mazar architecture in terms of shape, space, architectural decoration and construction, and so on, Regional architecture, and provide a valuable reference for the protection of similar architectural heritage in Kashgar and Xinjiang.