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冬小麦“农大139”经40天左右的春化处理才能迅速而整齐地抽穗,但经14—21天低温处理,已经具有在夏季抽穗的可能性,虽然抽穗推迟且极不整齐;再将春化时间延长,则抽穗百分比增加,且从播种到抽穗的时间缩短。这表明,春化过程中低温对发育的作用有两种效应:前期低温是诱发生理状态的转变,后期低温则只具有加速发育的作用,两个时期的转变是在春化的中期。蛋白质合成抑制剂乙基硫氨酸和对-氟苯丙氨酸能抑制冬小麦的春化,抑制时期也是在春化过程的中期。不同时间低温处理后冬小麦幼芽中可溶性蛋白质含量及组成发生了变化,春化过程中期(低温处理14天之后)不仅含量比对照增加了一倍,而且有新的蛋白质谱带出现。春麦中无类似现象,未经低温处理的春麦已含有冬麦中新出现的谱带。说明冬小麦春化过程的第14—21天左右是与春化过程有关的蛋白质合成的关键时期,该时期新合成的蛋白质与植株的发育状态之间存在着密切的相关关系。
Winter wheat “Nongda 139” can be erected quickly and neatly after about 40 days of vernalization, but after 14-21 days of low temperature treatment, it has the possibility of heading in summer although heading is postponed and extremely irregular; As the time prolonged, the heading percentage increased and the time from sowing to heading shortened. This indicates that the effect of vernalization on development during vernalization has two effects: the pre-hypothermia is the change of physiological state, the post-hypothermia only has the effect of accelerating development, the transition of two periods is in the mid-term of vernalization. The inhibitors of protein synthesis, ethyl-L-lysine and p-fluorophenylalanine, inhibited the vernalization of winter wheat, and the period of inhibition was also in the middle of vernalization. The content of soluble protein and composition of winter wheat sprouts changed after low temperature treatment at different time. The content of vernalization and the composition of soluble protein were changed in the middle of vernalization (after 14 days of low temperature treatment), the contents of soluble protein were doubled and the new protein bands appeared. There was no similar phenomenon in spring wheat, and the spring wheat without cold treatment contained the newly emerged bands in winter wheat. The results indicated that the 14th to 21st days of vernalization of winter wheat was the key period of protein synthesis related to the process of vernalization. There was a close correlation between the newly synthesized proteins and the developmental state of plants.