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井眼不稳定和地层损害是石油工业遇到的两个主要问题。人们普遍认为 ,地层损害主要是泥浆滤液的侵入与流体岩石相互作用改变了孔隙内流体的化学性质引起的。在井壁上形成一层致密的泥饼以阻止泥浆滤液的侵入。致密的泥饼也能对井壁起到支撑作用而防止井眼坍塌。因此 ,解决井眼不稳定和地层损害问题最有效的方法是设计一种与储层内流体岩石相适应、具有独特泥饼特性的钻井液。本文探讨了多种新型特性的泥浆体系 ,以及它们在澳大利亚中心地区致密气层钻井完井中的潜在用途 ,这些地区的储层非常容易受到损害。探讨的 4种泥浆中 ,酯基泥浆在井壁上形成一层致密泥饼 ,这是一种最有效的保护储层的泥浆体系。
Wellbore instability and formation damage are two major problems encountered by the oil industry. It is generally accepted that formation damage is primarily caused by mud filtrate in fl uences and interaction with fluid rocks that alter the chemistry of the fluid in the pores. A dense mud cake forms on the wellbore wall to prevent mud filtrate intrusion. Dense mud cake can also play a supporting role in the wellbore to prevent wellbore collapse. Therefore, the most effective way to solve the problem of wellbore instability and formation damage is to design a drilling fluid with unique characteristics of mudcake that is compatible with the fluid rock in the reservoir. This article explores a number of newer features of mud systems and their potential use in tight gas drilling and completion in the heart of Australia where reservoirs are highly vulnerable. Of the four muds discussed, ester-based mud forms a dense mud cake on the shaft lining, which is the most effective mud system for reservoir protection.