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Purpose::Evidence suggests that the oxytocin receptor (n OXTR) gene may be involved in the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of n OXTR rs53576 genotype on PTSD symptoms introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).n Methods::This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1140 adults who had personally experienced the Wenchuan earthquake. PTSD symptoms were measured with the PTSD checklist for DSM-5. A custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNPscann TM Kit were used to determine the n OXTR rs53576. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the independent and interactive effects of n OXTR rs53576 genotype and earthquake exposure on the severity of total PTSD symptoms and different dimensions of PTSD symptoms.n Results::The results revealed that the rs53576 genotype could significantly predict PTSD symptoms (n β = 0.055, n p = 0.045). Further analysis showed that the rs53576 genotype was only significantly associated with dysphoric arousal symptoms of PTSD (n β = 0.080, n p = 0.005). The rs53576 genotype × earthquake exposure interaction had no significant effect on different symptom clusters (n p > 0.05).n Conclusion::This study showed that the rs53576 genotype was only associated with the dysphoric arousal symptoms but not with other symptom clusters of PTSD. These findings support the role of the n OXTR on the psychopathology of PTSD and help us to understand the genetic basis of PTSD.n “,”Purpose::Evidence suggests that the oxytocin receptor (n OXTR) gene may be involved in the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of n OXTR rs53576 genotype on PTSD symptoms introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).n Methods::This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1140 adults who had personally experienced the Wenchuan earthquake. PTSD symptoms were measured with the PTSD checklist for DSM-5. A custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNPscann TM Kit were used to determine the n OXTR rs53576. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the independent and interactive effects of n OXTR rs53576 genotype and earthquake exposure on the severity of total PTSD symptoms and different dimensions of PTSD symptoms.n Results::The results revealed that the rs53576 genotype could significantly predict PTSD symptoms (n β = 0.055, n p = 0.045). Further analysis showed that the rs53576 genotype was only significantly associated with dysphoric arousal symptoms of PTSD (n β = 0.080, n p = 0.005). The rs53576 genotype × earthquake exposure interaction had no significant effect on different symptom clusters (n p > 0.05).n Conclusion::This study showed that the rs53576 genotype was only associated with the dysphoric arousal symptoms but not with other symptom clusters of PTSD. These findings support the role of the n OXTR on the psychopathology of PTSD and help us to understand the genetic basis of PTSD.n