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为解决寒区隧道冻害问题,以祁连山某隧道为依托,采用ANSYS对铺设保温层与主动辅热相结合的隧道温度场进行了数值模拟,研究了保温层对隧道衬砌的保温效果以及安装电伴热系统后隧道的温度场分布规律,确定了电伴热系统的开启与关闭时间及正常运行功率。结果表明:围岩最大冻深月份比外界大气的最冷时间推迟一个月左右;在隧道大约运行5 a之后,保温层的保温效果开始衰退,围岩重新出现负温状态;安装电伴热系统能彻底解决寒区隧道运营期间的冻害问题,最佳发热功率为125 W·m~(-2),持续加热时间为80 d,年消耗电能为10 000 W·d·m~(-2),数值模拟结果与理论计算结果吻合良好。研究成果可为寒区隧道的保温防冻提供理论依据,并可为类似工程提供借鉴。
In order to solve the problem of frost damage in tunnels in cold region, the tunnel temperature field based on a tunnel in Qilian Mountains was simulated by ANSYS. The thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer on the tunnel lining was studied. After the thermal system of the tunnel temperature distribution of the law to determine the electric heating system with the opening and closing time and normal operation of power. The results show that the maximum tem- perature of the surrounding rock in the month is delayed by about a month from the coldest time of the external atmosphere. After the tunnel has been in operation for about 5 years, the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer declines and the surrounding rock reappears in a negative temperature state. Can completely solve the problem of frost damage during cold area tunnel operation. The optimum heating power is 125 W · m -2, the continuous heating time is 80 days and the annual energy consumption is 10 000 W · d · m -2. The numerical simulation results agree well with the theoretical ones. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for the insulation and freezing prevention of tunnels in cold regions and provide references for similar projects.