20世纪早期在美国,控股股东的操纵行为和内部人控制的现象的日益暴露。在制度创新中,美国提出“公司治理的法人结构”问题,引入外部董事的概念,力图通过独立于公司的外部人员的参与,制衡内部人员的职权,从而改变董事会失灵的局面。20世纪70至80年代,在内部董 In the early 20th century in the United States, the controlling shareholder's manipulation and insider control were increasingly exposed. In institutional innovation, the United States put forward the issue of “corporate structure of corporate governance ”, introduce the concept of outside directors, try to balance the authority of internal staff through external participation independent of the company, so as to change the failure of the board of directors. 1970s and 1980s, inside director Dong