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2013年采用不同施肥模式对湖南省龙山县植烟区烤烟的生长及产质量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,采用合理的施肥模式可促进烟株的生长发育,增加株高、单株叶片数、最大叶面积,并且显著地提高了烟叶产量。其中施用已发酵的菜饼肥处理T3效果最显著,产量比处理T1、T2和T4分别高出4.6%、7.3%、5.1%。施用饼肥后烟叶中的淀粉含量与不施肥处理CK相比明显提高,而还原糖、总糖含量有降低趋势,更加接近最适含量,糖碱比和氮碱比趋向合理范围。通过发酵处理的菜饼肥能更有效地提高烤烟产量,同时也可成为改善烤烟品质的重要措施。
In 2013, the effects of different fertilization modes on the growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco grown in Yongsan County, Hunan Province were studied. The results showed that using reasonable fertilization mode could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, increase plant height, leaf number per plant and maximum leaf area, and significantly increase the yield of tobacco. Among them, T3 was the most effective for the treatment of fermented vegetable cake fertilizer, and its yield was 4.6%, 7.3% and 5.1% higher than that of T1, T2 and T4 respectively. The content of starch in the leaves increased obviously compared with the CK without applying fertilizers, while the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar decreased, approaching the optimum content, and the ratio of sugar to nicotine and ratio of nicotine to base reached a reasonable range. The fermented vegetable cake fertilizer can effectively increase the yield of flue-cured tobacco and can also be an important measure to improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco.