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岩石平巷一般服务年限较长,要求其布置在合理的层位,以求其维护费用最小。围岩性质是影响岩巷变形和维护的主要因素,因此,应尽可能把岩巷布置在砂岩和砂质页岩等比较稳定的底板岩层内,这是保证岩石巷道维护良好的首要条件。 上部煤层采动对底板岩石巷道,尤其是对围岩不稳定的巷道的维护状况影响很大。无论是岩石大巷或其它底板岩巷,上部煤层一段都应跨越巷道回采。在跨采过程中,应使巷道只受到跨采工作面引起的支承压力的影响,避免跨采工作面和相邻采空区(尤其是正在回采的毗邻工作面)引起的支承压力的叠加影响。跨采后使巷道位于降压区内,勿受到上部煤柱引起的高应力的影响。由图1可见,工作面回采后,采空区一侧煤体上存在着比原始应力大得多的支承压力。
Rock lanes generally service life is longer, requiring its layout at a reasonable level, in order to minimize its maintenance costs. Therefore, the rock roadway should be arranged in the relatively stable floor rock, such as sandstone and sandy shale, as the most important condition to ensure the well maintenance of rock roadway. The mining of the upper coal seams has a great influence on the maintenance status of floor rock roadway, especially for unstable rock roadway. Whether it is rock lanes or other floor rocks, a section of the upper coal seam should be reclaimed across the roadway. During the process of cross-over mining, the roadway should be influenced only by the supporting pressure caused by cross-mining face to avoid the superimposed influence of bearing pressure caused by cross-mining face and adjacent goaf, especially the adjacent working face being recovered . After the cross-mining so that the roadway is located within the pressure relief zone, not by the upper coal pillar caused by high stress. Can be seen from Figure 1, after mining face, there is a much larger support pressure than the original stress on the coal side of the goaf.