从直接成本、交易成本和外部成本三个方面考察三种集体决策模式,可以发现,不同的决策模式有着各异的内部成本构成内容。三种成本具有相互转化的可能决定了这三类决策模式也有相互转化的趋向。在现实的公共管理或组织运行活动中,往往适用三种决策模式的融合或混合,强调基于不同的公共管理事务或组织事务,采用不同的有针对性的集体决策模式,以实现效率、效果以及公平之间的有效平衡。 Examining three kinds of collective decision-making modes from the aspects of direct cost, transaction cost and external cost, we can find out that different decision modes have different internal cost components. The possibility of the three costs being transformed into each other determines that the three types of decision-making modes also tend to transform each other. In reality, public management or organizational operation activities often involve the integration or mixture of three decision-making modes. Emphasis is put on adopting different targeted collective decision-making modes based on different public management issues or organizational matters in order to achieve efficiency, effectiveness and An effective balance between fairness.