在装备200 W光纤激光器的快速成型设备Dimetal-280上进行选区激光熔化(SLM)成型工艺研究。为了优化316L不锈钢粉末的成型工艺参数,设计了6因素5水平正交实验进行工艺实验,总结出6种典型表面形貌,并测量了6种典型表面形貌对应样品的相对密度与z轴方向尺寸精度。分析发现,粉末熔化完全后样品能获得较高的密度,而当粉末部分熔化或未熔时,样品密度比较低;实际加工层厚在成型过程中有逐渐增大的趋势,影响了样品最终的尺寸精度。综合考虑表面形貌、样品相对密度与尺寸精度的影响,获得优化的工艺参数,设计了包含尖角、悬空等独立几何成型性能的样品测试系统,几何样品相对密度达89%,尺寸精度96.8%,表面粗糙度Rz约25μm,获得了良好效果。 Selective laser melting (SLM) profiling was performed on Dimetal-280, a rapid prototyping equipment equipped with a 200 W fiber laser. In order to optimize the forming process parameters of 316L stainless steel powder, 6-factor and 5-level orthogonal experiments were designed to process experiments, and six typical surface topographies were designed. The relative density of six typical surface topographies and the z- Dimensional accuracy. The analysis shows that the sample can get a higher density after the powder is completely melted, while the density of the sample is relatively low when the powder is partly melted or unmelted. The actual processing layer thickness tends to increase gradually in the molding process, which affects the final Dimensional accuracy. Considering the influence of the surface morphology, the relative density and the dimensional accuracy of the sample, the optimized process parameters were obtained, and the sample test system with independent geometrical formations such as sharp corners and dangling was designed. The relative density of geometric samples was 89% and the dimensional accuracy was 96.8% , The surface roughness Rz is about 25 μm, and a good effect is obtained.