乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率及死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,在我国部分城市已居女性恶性肿瘤的首位,且发病年龄越来越年轻化,严重危害女性身体健康。早发现、早诊断、早治疗是降低死亡率的关键。钼靶虽被公认为乳腺癌早期普查筛选的重要方法,但对乳腺癌诊断的敏感性和特异性仍嫌不足。近年来,随着MRI软硬件的不断发展及脂肪抑制技术和(?)强技术的应用,MRI诊断乳腺疾病的敏感性和特异性得到进一步提高,对乳腺病变性质的鉴别能力较常规钼靶检查更为优越,被公认为患者术前评价的金标准。本文就MRI与钼靶对乳腺疾病检查的特点及价值作一综述。 Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women. Its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year. In some cities in China, it ranks first in female malignant tumors, and the age of onset is getting younger and younger, which seriously harms women’s physical health. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are the keys to reducing mortality. Although molybdenum target is recognized as an important method for early screening of breast cancer, the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer diagnosis are still insufficient. In recent years, with the continuous development of MRI hardware and software and the application of fat suppression technology and (?) strong technology, the sensitivity and specificity of MRI in the diagnosis of breast diseases have been further improved, and the ability to discriminate the nature of breast lesions has been examined in comparison with conventional molybdenum targets. More superior, it is recognized as the gold standard for preoperative evaluation of patients. This article reviews the characteristics and value of MRI and mammography in breast disease screening.