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在6063铝合金中,添加不同量的稀土元素,并严格控制浇注、挤压工艺过程,对挤压试样进行拉伸试验及显微硬度测试,采用正交试验方法分析抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度相对较好的合金成分设计方案,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察合金的铸态组织结构,研究合金元素的影响。结果表明,Al-0.5Mg-0.38Si-0.2RE铝合金的挤压性能最好。添加稀土可以使铝合金的晶粒得到细化,并且可以有效地改善析出相的大小、形貌,6063D-RE合金的力学性能完全满足国家标准。
In 6063 aluminum alloy, adding different amount of rare earth elements, and strictly control the pouring, extrusion process, the tensile test and microhardness of the extruded sample test, the orthogonal test method to analyze the tensile strength, elongation Rate and hardness of the alloy composition design is relatively good, and the use of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of as-cast alloy structure, the impact of alloying elements. The results show that the extrusion performance of Al-0.5Mg-0.38Si-0.2RE aluminum alloy is the best. The addition of rare earth can refine the grain of the aluminum alloy, and can effectively improve the size and shape of the precipitated phase. The mechanical properties of the 6063D-RE alloy fully meet the national standards.